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.claude/skills/payload/reference/COLLECTIONS.md

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+# Payload CMS Collections Reference
+
+Complete reference for collection configurations and patterns.
+
+## Basic Collection
+
+```ts
+import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload'
+
+export const Posts: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'posts',
+  labels: {
+    singular: 'Post',
+    plural: 'Posts',
+  },
+  admin: {
+    useAsTitle: 'title',
+    defaultColumns: ['title', 'author', 'status', 'createdAt'],
+    group: 'Content', // Organize in admin sidebar
+    description: 'Blog posts and articles',
+    listSearchableFields: ['title', 'slug'],
+  },
+  fields: [
+    {
+      name: 'title',
+      type: 'text',
+      required: true,
+      index: true,
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'slug',
+      type: 'text',
+      unique: true,
+      index: true,
+      admin: { position: 'sidebar' },
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'status',
+      type: 'select',
+      options: ['draft', 'published'],
+      defaultValue: 'draft',
+    },
+  ],
+  defaultSort: '-createdAt',
+  timestamps: true,
+}
+```
+
+## Auth Collection
+
+```ts
+export const Users: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'users',
+  auth: {
+    tokenExpiration: 7200, // 2 hours
+    verify: true,
+    maxLoginAttempts: 5,
+    lockTime: 600000, // 10 minutes
+    useAPIKey: true,
+  },
+  admin: {
+    useAsTitle: 'email',
+  },
+  fields: [
+    {
+      name: 'roles',
+      type: 'select',
+      hasMany: true,
+      options: ['admin', 'editor', 'user'],
+      required: true,
+      defaultValue: ['user'],
+      saveToJWT: true,
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'name',
+      type: 'text',
+      required: true,
+    },
+  ],
+}
+```
+
+## Upload Collection
+
+```ts
+export const Media: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'media',
+  upload: {
+    staticDir: 'media',
+    mimeTypes: ['image/*'],
+    imageSizes: [
+      {
+        name: 'thumbnail',
+        width: 400,
+        height: 300,
+        position: 'centre',
+      },
+      {
+        name: 'card',
+        width: 768,
+        height: 1024,
+      },
+    ],
+    adminThumbnail: 'thumbnail',
+    focalPoint: true,
+    crop: true,
+  },
+  access: {
+    read: () => true,
+  },
+  fields: [
+    {
+      name: 'alt',
+      type: 'text',
+      required: true,
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'caption',
+      type: 'text',
+      localized: true,
+    },
+  ],
+}
+```
+
+## Live Preview
+
+Enable real-time content preview during editing.
+
+```ts
+import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload'
+
+const generatePreviewPath = ({
+  slug,
+  collection,
+  req,
+}: {
+  slug: string
+  collection: string
+  req: any
+}) => {
+  const baseUrl = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SERVER_URL
+  return `${baseUrl}/api/preview?slug=${slug}&collection=${collection}`
+}
+
+export const Pages: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'pages',
+  admin: {
+    useAsTitle: 'title',
+    // Live preview during editing
+    livePreview: {
+      url: ({ data, req }) =>
+        generatePreviewPath({
+          slug: data?.slug as string,
+          collection: 'pages',
+          req,
+        }),
+    },
+    // Static preview button
+    preview: (data, { req }) =>
+      generatePreviewPath({
+        slug: data?.slug as string,
+        collection: 'pages',
+        req,
+      }),
+  },
+  fields: [
+    { name: 'title', type: 'text' },
+    { name: 'slug', type: 'text' },
+  ],
+}
+```
+
+## Versioning & Drafts
+
+Payload maintains version history and supports draft/publish workflows.
+
+```ts
+import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload'
+
+// Basic versioning (audit log only)
+export const Users: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'users',
+  versions: true, // or { maxPerDoc: 100 }
+  fields: [{ name: 'name', type: 'text' }],
+}
+
+// Drafts enabled (draft/publish workflow)
+export const Posts: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'posts',
+  versions: {
+    drafts: true, // Enables _status field
+    maxPerDoc: 50,
+  },
+  fields: [{ name: 'title', type: 'text' }],
+}
+
+// Full configuration with autosave and scheduled publish
+export const Pages: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'pages',
+  versions: {
+    drafts: {
+      autosave: true, // Auto-save while editing
+      schedulePublish: true, // Schedule future publish/unpublish
+      validate: false, // Don't validate drafts (default)
+    },
+    maxPerDoc: 100, // Keep last 100 versions (0 = unlimited)
+  },
+  fields: [{ name: 'title', type: 'text' }],
+}
+```
+
+### Draft API Usage
+
+```ts
+// Create draft
+await payload.create({
+  collection: 'posts',
+  data: { title: 'Draft Post' },
+  draft: true, // Saves as draft, skips required field validation
+})
+
+// Update as draft
+await payload.update({
+  collection: 'posts',
+  id: '123',
+  data: { title: 'Updated Draft' },
+  draft: true,
+})
+
+// Read with drafts (returns newest draft if available)
+const post = await payload.findByID({
+  collection: 'posts',
+  id: '123',
+  draft: true, // Returns draft version if exists
+})
+
+// Query only published (REST API)
+// GET /api/posts (returns only _status: 'published')
+
+// Access control for drafts
+export const Posts: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'posts',
+  versions: { drafts: true },
+  access: {
+    read: ({ req: { user } }) => {
+      // Public can only see published
+      if (!user) return { _status: { equals: 'published' } }
+      // Authenticated can see all
+      return true
+    },
+  },
+  fields: [{ name: 'title', type: 'text' }],
+}
+```
+
+### Document Status
+
+The `_status` field is auto-injected when drafts are enabled:
+
+- `draft` - Never published
+- `published` - Published with no newer drafts
+- `changed` - Published but has newer unpublished drafts
+
+## Globals
+
+Globals are single-instance documents (not collections).
+
+```ts
+import type { GlobalConfig } from 'payload'
+
+export const Header: GlobalConfig = {
+  slug: 'header',
+  label: 'Header',
+  admin: {
+    group: 'Settings',
+  },
+  fields: [
+    {
+      name: 'logo',
+      type: 'upload',
+      relationTo: 'media',
+      required: true,
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'nav',
+      type: 'array',
+      maxRows: 8,
+      fields: [
+        {
+          name: 'link',
+          type: 'relationship',
+          relationTo: 'pages',
+        },
+        {
+          name: 'label',
+          type: 'text',
+        },
+      ],
+    },
+  ],
+}
+```