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.claude/skills/payload/reference/HOOKS.md

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+# Payload CMS Hooks Reference
+
+Complete reference for collection hooks, field hooks, and hook context patterns.
+
+## Collection Hooks
+
+```ts
+export const Posts: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'posts',
+  hooks: {
+    // Before validation
+    beforeValidate: [
+      async ({ data, operation }) => {
+        if (operation === 'create') {
+          data.slug = slugify(data.title)
+        }
+        return data
+      },
+    ],
+
+    // Before save
+    beforeChange: [
+      async ({ data, req, operation, originalDoc }) => {
+        if (operation === 'update' && data.status === 'published') {
+          data.publishedAt = new Date()
+        }
+        return data
+      },
+    ],
+
+    // After save
+    afterChange: [
+      async ({ doc, req, operation, previousDoc }) => {
+        if (operation === 'create') {
+          await sendNotification(doc)
+        }
+        return doc
+      },
+    ],
+
+    // After read
+    afterRead: [
+      async ({ doc, req }) => {
+        doc.viewCount = await getViewCount(doc.id)
+        return doc
+      },
+    ],
+
+    // Before delete
+    beforeDelete: [
+      async ({ req, id }) => {
+        await cleanupRelatedData(id)
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+}
+```
+
+## Field Hooks
+
+```ts
+import type { EmailField, FieldHook } from 'payload'
+
+const beforeValidateHook: FieldHook = ({ value }) => {
+  return value.trim().toLowerCase()
+}
+
+const afterReadHook: FieldHook = ({ value, req }) => {
+  // Hide email from non-admins
+  if (!req.user?.roles?.includes('admin')) {
+    return value.replace(/(.{2})(.*)(@.*)/, '$1***$3')
+  }
+  return value
+}
+
+const emailField: EmailField = {
+  name: 'email',
+  type: 'email',
+  hooks: {
+    beforeValidate: [beforeValidateHook],
+    afterRead: [afterReadHook],
+  },
+}
+```
+
+## Hook Context
+
+Share data between hooks or control hook behavior using request context:
+
+```ts
+import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload'
+
+export const Posts: CollectionConfig = {
+  slug: 'posts',
+  hooks: {
+    beforeChange: [
+      async ({ context }) => {
+        context.expensiveData = await fetchExpensiveData()
+      },
+    ],
+    afterChange: [
+      async ({ context, doc }) => {
+        // Reuse from previous hook
+        await processData(doc, context.expensiveData)
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+  fields: [{ name: 'title', type: 'text' }],
+}
+```
+
+## Next.js Revalidation with Context Control
+
+```ts
+import type { CollectionAfterChangeHook, CollectionAfterDeleteHook } from 'payload'
+import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'
+import type { Page } from '../payload-types'
+
+export const revalidatePage: CollectionAfterChangeHook<Page> = ({
+  doc,
+  previousDoc,
+  req: { payload, context },
+}) => {
+  if (!context.disableRevalidate) {
+    if (doc._status === 'published') {
+      const path = doc.slug === 'home' ? '/' : `/${doc.slug}`
+      payload.logger.info(`Revalidating page at path: ${path}`)
+      revalidatePath(path)
+    }
+
+    // Revalidate old path if unpublished
+    if (previousDoc?._status === 'published' && doc._status !== 'published') {
+      const oldPath = previousDoc.slug === 'home' ? '/' : `/${previousDoc.slug}`
+      payload.logger.info(`Revalidating old page at path: ${oldPath}`)
+      revalidatePath(oldPath)
+    }
+  }
+  return doc
+}
+
+export const revalidateDelete: CollectionAfterDeleteHook<Page> = ({ doc, req: { context } }) => {
+  if (!context.disableRevalidate) {
+    const path = doc?.slug === 'home' ? '/' : `/${doc?.slug}`
+    revalidatePath(path)
+  }
+  return doc
+}
+```
+
+## Date Field Auto-Set
+
+Automatically set date when document is published:
+
+```ts
+import type { DateField } from 'payload'
+
+const publishedOnField: DateField = {
+  name: 'publishedOn',
+  type: 'date',
+  admin: {
+    date: {
+      pickerAppearance: 'dayAndTime',
+    },
+    position: 'sidebar',
+  },
+  hooks: {
+    beforeChange: [
+      ({ siblingData, value }) => {
+        if (siblingData._status === 'published' && !value) {
+          return new Date()
+        }
+        return value
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+}
+```
+
+## Hook Patterns Best Practices
+
+- Use `beforeValidate` for data formatting
+- Use `beforeChange` for business logic
+- Use `afterChange` for side effects
+- Use `afterRead` for computed fields
+- Store expensive operations in `context`
+- Pass `req` to nested operations for transaction safety (see [ADAPTERS.md#threading-req-through-operations](ADAPTERS.md#threading-req-through-operations))